Louisville's Muhammad Ali International doesn't offer a single nonstop route to Europe, so anyone chasing business class from Louisville to Belfast has to route through a major US gateway before crossing the Atlantic. In practice, that means connecting via Delta's Atlanta or Detroit hubs, American's Charlotte or Philadelphia operations, or United's Newark or Chicago departures, each feeding into transatlantic widebodies bound for the UK. There's no direct SDF-BFS service on any carrier, and there likely won't be one anytime soon given the market size — so the real decision isn't which airline flies nonstop, it's which connecting hub and transatlantic product suits you best.
Having routed through all three networks repeatedly, I lean toward Delta's Detroit connection when schedules align, since it funnels into their A330 or A350 service with Delta One suites — sliding doors, direct aisle access, and a genuinely restful 7-hour hop across. American's transatlantic widebodies, often 777s or 787s out of Philadelphia, feature their Flagship Business seats with reverse herringbone configuration and decent Admirals Club access pre-departure. United's Polaris product, flown on 767s and 777s from Newark or Chicago, has matured nicely with proper bedding and a more private cabin feel than older configurations. None of these carriers currently fly directly into Belfast City or Belfast International with widebody service, so most itineraries land you in London (Heathrow or Gatwick) or occasionally Dublin for a short regional hop or connecting flight into BFS — build in at least 90 minutes for that final leg, especially through Heathrow's notorious immigration queues.
My insider tip: book the SDF-to-hub segment as a separate award or cash ticket only if your international business fare allows free stopovers, since positioning flights from Louisville are often cheap enough to add flexibility without inflating the total cost. January through March and again in October and November consistently produce the softest transatlantic business fares, as leisure demand dips and airlines discount premium inventory to fill cabins. Given the multiple viable routings and volatile pricing across three major carriers, setting up automated fare alerts for this specific corridor is the smartest way to catch a premium seat before it disappears.